Shopping on line can be easy, simple and save you lots of money. It can also take a lot of your time, frustrate you, and result in unwanted purchases. Now the same can be said for regular high street shopping, but with the vast opportunity presented by the Internet it will pay you to spend a few minutes reading this and understanding how to better optimize your Bombardier shopping experience:
1. Compare - without doubt the biggest advantage that the Bombardier offers shoppers today is the ability to compare thousands of Bombardier at a time. This is a great thing, but not necessarily all the time! Too much can be daunting at times so take advantage of the great comparison sites and where possible let them do the hard work for you.
2. Research - if it has been said it will be on the internet. Ignorance is no longer a justifiable reason for buying the wrong thing. Take the time to research in detail everything that you could possible want to know about
3. Testimonials - don't know anybody that has bought a Bombardier? Wrong! If the Bombardier is good the internet will let you know. Use the Internet as a friend and get testimonials before you buy.
4. Questions - Got a question about Bombardier then search the Forums, FAQ's, Blogs etc. Don't be afraid to ask .....
5. Reputation - Never heard of the company selling Bombardier? Don't worry, no reason why you should know every company in the world, but you know someone that does! Use the internet to find out what people are saying about Bombardier and build up a picture of their reputation for sales, returns, customer service, delivery etc.
6. Returns - still worried that even after all of the above your Bombardier wont be what you want? Check out the returns policy. There is so much competition now that someone, somewhere is bound to offer the terms that you are comfortable with.
7. Feedback - happy with your Bombardier then let people know, after all you are depending on others people input in your buying decision, so why not give a little back.
8. Security - check for the yellow padlock on the Bombardier site before you buy, and the s after http:/ /i.e. https:// = a secure site
9. Contact - got a question about Bombardier, or want to leave a comment then check out the sites contact page. Reputable companies have them and respond.
10. Payment - ready to pay for your Bombardier, then use your credit card or PayPal! Be aware of companies that don't accept them, there may be genuine reasons but given the huge amount of choice you have when buying online there is no reason at all not to buy via credit card or PayPal.
{{Infobox_Company | company_name = Bombardier Inc. |
company_logo = ] |
company_type = [Public company: ({{tsx|BBD.B--> {{tsx|BBD.A-->) |
foundation = Valcourt, Quebec ([) |
location = [Montreal, [Canada |
key_people = [Joseph-Armand Bombardier, founder |
industry = [Aerospace engineering / [Railways |
products = [Aircraft, [trains, [trams |
revenue = $14.7 billion United States Dollar ([) |
num_employees = 59,550 (2006) |
homepage = http://www.bombardier.com/
-->
Bombardier Inc. () is a
Canadian companies list of conglomerates, founded by
Joseph-Armand Bombardier as
L'Auto-Neige Bombardier Limitée in 1942, at Valcourt in the Eastern Townships,
Quebec. Over the years it has been a large manufacturer of regional aircraft, business jets, mass transportation equipment, recreational equipment and a financial services provider. Bombardier is a Fortune Global 500
list of conglomerates company Fortune Global 500 - Bombardier Inc. Company Snapshot 2007. Its headquarters are in Montreal,
Quebec,
Canada.
History
Joseph-Armand Bombardier was a mechanic who dreamt of building a vehicle that could "float on snow." In 1937, he designed and produced his first snowmobile in his small repair shop in Valcourt, Quebec.
Joseph-Armand Bombardier's technological breakthrough in the design of bush vehicles came in the mid-1930s when he developed a drive system that revolutionized travel in snow and swampy conditions. In 1937, Armand sold 12 snowmobiles—named the B7 and, in 1942, created l'Auto-Neige Bombardier Limitée company.
The first snowmobiles were large, multi-passenger vehicles designed to help people get around during the long winter months. Snowmobiles were used in rural Quebec to take children to school, carry freight, deliver mail, and as ambulances. His invention filled a very particular need in the region and soon business was booming. In 1941, Armand opened a large new factory in Valcourt. Then a major setback hit the growing business: the World War II was well underway and the Canadian government issued wartime rationing regulations. Bombardier customers had to prove that snowmobiles were essential to their livelihood in order to buy one. To keep his business going, Armand switched gears and developed vehicles for the military. After the war, Armand experienced another setback in his snowmobile business. In 1948, the Quebec government passed a law requiring all highways and local roads to be cleared of snow; Bombardier's sales fell by nearly half in one year. Armand therefore decided to diversify his business and make all-terrain vehicles for the mining, oil and forestry industries.
Of note, the machines had removable front skis that could be replaced with front wheels for use on paved or hard surfaces thus providing greater utility to his large snowmobiles. Production of these machines evolved over time. During 1951, the wooden bodies were replaced with sheet steel and these vehicles were powered by
Chrysler flat head six cylinder engines and 3 speed standard transmissions. In the 1960s, V-8 engines began to appear and during the 1969/70 production years, the standard round "porthole"-style windows were replaced with larger rectangular windows which allowed more interior light and made them less claustrophobic feeling. Following these changes came the switchover to more reliable Chrysler Industrial 318 engines with the automatic Loadflite transmissions. Production of these machines continued into the mid-1970s.
Armand dreamed of developing a fast, lightweight snowmobile that could carry one or two people. In the early 1950s, Armand set aside his dream to focus on developing his company's other tracked vehicles. But by the end of the decade, smaller, more efficient engines had been developed and were starting to come on the market. Armand resumed his efforts to build a "miniature" snowmobile. He worked alongside his eldest son Germain, who shared his father's mechanical talents. Armand and Germain developed several prototypes of the lightweight snowmobile and finally, the first Bombardier snowmobile went on sale in 1959.
The
snowmobile was originally called the "Ski-Dog" because Bombardier meant it to be a practical vehicle to replace the dogsled for hunters and trappers. By an accident, a painter misinterpreted the name and painted "Ski-Doo" on the first prototype. The public soon discovered that speedy vehicles that can zoom over snow were a lot of fun. Suddenly a new winter sport was born, centred in Quebec. In the first year, Bombardier sold 225 Ski-Doos; four years later, 8,210 were sold. But Armand was reluctant to focus too much on the Ski-Doo and move resources away from his all-terrain vehicles. He vividly remembered his earlier business setbacks that forced him to diversify. Armand slowed down promotion of the Ski-Doo line to prevent it from dominating the other company products but still dominate the entire snowmobile industry. The snowmobiles produced were of exceptional quality and performance, earning a better reputation than the rival Polaris and Arctic Cat brand of motosleds. In 1975 Bombardier completed the purchase of the
Moto-Ski company.
On
18 February 1964, J. Armand Bombardier died of cancer at age 56. He left behind a thriving business, but also one that had been focused on one person. Armand dominated his company, overseeing all areas of operation. He controlled the small research department, making all the drawings himself. By the time of his death sales of the company had reached Canadian dollar20 million, which is the equivalent of C$160 million in 2004 dollars. The younger generation took over, led by Armand's sons and sons-in-law. The young team reorganized and decentralized the company, adopting modern business tactics. The company adopted the latest technological innovation—the computer—to handle inventory, accounts and billing. Distribution networks were improved and increased, and an incentive program was developed for sales staff.
In 1967, L'Auto-Neige Bombardier Limitée was renamed
Bombardier Limited and on
January 23,
1969, the company went public, listing on the
Montreal Exchange and
Toronto Stock Exchange stock exchanges.
Aerospace
Bombardier acquired Canadair after the Canadian government-owned aircraft manufacturing company had recorded the largest corporate loss in Canadian business history. Under the management of
Laurent Beaudoin, Armand's son-in-law, Bombardier took over Canadair to form
Bombardier Aerospace. Shortly after, de Havilland Canada from Boeing, the bankrupt Short Brothers and Learjet operations were added. The aerospace arm now accounts for over half of the company's revenue and is reportedly the third-largest civil aircraft manufacturer in the world behind the giants
Boeing and Airbus. Bombardier's most popular aircraft currently include its Dash 8 and
CRJ lines of regional airliners. It also manufactures the CL-415 amphibious water-bomber and the Bombardier Challenger 600 business jet. Learjet continues to operate as a subsidiary of Bombardier and manufactures jets under the Learjet marque.
Railway technology
In 1970, Bombardier acquired the Viennese company Lohner-Rotax, a manufacturer of snowmobile engines and tramways, and thus became involved in Rail transport. This section started to gain importance in the mid-1990s in the renaissance of
tramways or "light rail." Bombardier acquired the assets and designs of
American Locomotive Company/Montreal Locomotive Works, which continued in the locomotive business until 1985. In 2001, Bombardier acquired ADtranz, the developer of the British Rail Class 170 Turbostar and Class British Rail Class 357/British Rail Class 375/British Rail Class 376/
British Rail Class 377 Electrostar trains which are widely used throughout Great Britain. They also built the Croydon
Tramlink and
Nottingham Express Transit trams and parts of Alstom's Eurostar trains. In the UK, ADtranz's major facility was located in Derby. Other major areas of activity of ADtranz were Germany, Sweden and Switzerland with major facilities in Hennigsdorf and Kassel (Germany), Västerås and Kalmar (Sweden), and Zürich and Turgi (Switzerland).
Bombardier was one of the companies which took over British Rail's R&D facilities after Privatisation of British Rail (the remainder largely being absorbed into
AEA Technology and Alstom). They were part of a major consortium in the construction of the Eurotunnel railway cars, and also built new Rapid transit trains for a wide range of customers including the Toronto Transit Commission, the Société de transport de Montréal, and the
New York City Transit Authority (
R62A,
R142), noted for designing the
Las Vegas Monorail system.
Bombardier is a UK Notified Body, under The Railways (Interoperability) (Notified Bodies) Regulations 2000, in one TSI area: rolling stock.
locomotiveBombardier Transportation also leads the development and production of the Acela Express train in a 75%–25% arrangement with Alstom. The train runs between
Boston, Massachusetts,
New York, New York, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and Washington, DC. Bombardier provided carbody design and tilting mechanisms from its LRC ("Light Rapid Comfortable") line of passenger trainsets, and integrated a variant of Alstom's TGV propulsion system. This is the first high-speed rail line in North America, running at a top speed of 240 km/h (150 mph). To meet
U.S. government "Buy American" regulations, final assembly of these trains was carried out at Bombardier's U.S. rail car assembly facility in Barre (city), Vermont. Bombardier also provided seller-arranged financing to allow
Amtrak to lease the trainsets rather than purchase them outright as the railroad had previously done.
Bombardier has also entered into the Australian rail industry with the implementation and maintenance of the main electric propultion systems for numerous passenger trains and locomotive fleets, and the manufacture of new rollingstock in partnership with EDI Rail. These include Queensland Rail's IMU160, SMU260, IMU200 and SMU220 trainsets, and V/Line
VLocity diesel multiple unit in Victoria (Australia).
Bombardier made the
Hiawatha Line light rail cars currently being operated in
Minneapolis, Minnesota by
Metro Transit (Minnesota).
With the acquisiton of ADtranz in 2001, Bombardier Transportation emerged as the largest manufacturer of railway rolling stock in the world. Depending on how one defines industrial activities, it is sometimes considered the largest in the world in this category.
Other interests
Bombardier was, until recently, a major
Canada defense contractor. With the latest restructuring, the company sold off nearly all of its military related work in Canada. Military Aviation Services was sold to SPAR Aerospace and land based defence products made by
Urban Transportation Development Corporation ceased operations as Bombardier moved away from non-aviation defence products.
In 2003, Bombardier spun off as a separate company, the Bombardier Recreational Products division, or BRP. Their
snowcats and
snowmobiles dated back to the origins of the company; current brands are Ski-Doo and Lynx (snowmobile). Bombardier Recreational Products has also become well known for their
Sea-Doo personal water craft division. Bombardier also makes ATVs (
all terrain vehicles). In 2006, the ATV brand name changed from Bombardier ATV to Can-Am. Can-Am is the old name of the line of dirt bikes it made in the
1980ss.
Criticism
Bombardier has been criticized in Canada and abroad over the subsidies it receives from various levels of government. They have been described as beneficiaries of
corporate welfare and accused of violating free trade agreements, especially by Brazil. Canada and Bombardier have countered by citing Brazil's direct and indirect subsidies to
Embraer, its own major aircraft manufacturer and one of Bombardier's principal competitors in the
regional jet market.
The government of Canada provided a large interest rate subsidy for the financing that made possible Bombardier's sale of subway trains to the
New York City Subway. Some Canadians objected to such large sums of money being given to a private for-profit company, but the government had argued that the subsidies create many jobs. Recently, Bombardier initiated an engineering design agreement with an Indian company which subsidy critics argue may result in a loss of jobs in Canada.
Bombardier's reputation has been tarnished in the western United States by its association with the privately-funded Las Vegas Monorail system, which has been operational since
24 December 2004 but was plagued by delays due to mechanical problems. The system reportedly lost
United States dollar85,000 per day during a four-month closure.
Bombardier's reputation has also been damaged in the eastern United States because of defects in its high speed
Acela Express, built for Amtrak. The high speed fleet has been taken out of service twice by the
Federal Railroad Administration for safety-critical defects due to poor manufacturing and design. The design has undergone numerous modifications since coming into service.
Recently, some human rights and Tibet support groups in Canada, the U.K., and the U.S. have put pressure on Bombardier over its sale of passenger carriages to the
People's Republic of China for projects including the controversial
Qingzang railway line into Tibet.
In Finland,
Helsinki City Transport has announced it is preparing to decommission all 40 Variotram low-floor tram cars on
14 May 2007, since satisfactory agreement with Bombardier over service costs, compensation or shipping back the cars has not been reached. Since entering service in Helsinki in
1999, the trams have been plagued by mounting technical problems.
Corporate governance
Current members of the board of directors of Bombardier Inc. are:
Bombardier Museum
The Bombardier Museum is a large modern museum in
Valcourt, Quebec dedicated to the life of
Joseph-Armand Bombardier and the
snowmobile as well as the industry he helped create. Formally opened in 1971, with substantial renovations in 1990, the museum is professionally curated and features a wide array of Ski-Doos and other industrial designs as well as a selection of related books, booklets and other items of interest to enthusiasts.
Also of note at the museum is the original Bombardier garage "factory" that was the genesis of the organization bearing the name. The garage was carefully removed from its original location in Valcourt and moved to its present site at the museum, which is located blocks away from the huge, present-day Bombardier Recreational Products factory.
References
- Descarries, Eric. "Autoneiges Bombardier: Des patenteux perpétuent la tradition." La Presse, 13 March 2006.
- Hadekel, Peter. Silent Partners: Taxpayers and the Bankrolling of Bombardier. Toronto: Key Porter Books Limited, 2004. ISBN 1-55263-626-7.
- MacDonald, Larry.The Bombardier Story: Planes, Trains and Snowmobiles. Toronto: J. Wiley & Sons, 2001. ISBN 0-470-83196-0.
External links
- Bombardier Museum, Official J. Armand Bombardier Museum Website
- Northern Tracks, Bombardier Collector's Website
- Vintage Snowmobiles, Moto-Ski Snowmobile History
- CBC Digital Archives - Bombardier: The Snowmobile Legacy
- Bombardier Company website
- Yahoo! - Bombardier Inc. Company Profile
- V/LineCars.com VLocity 160 Page- Comprehensive information on Bombardier's VLocity 160 type diesel multiple unit train made for V/Line, the passenger rail service operator in the state of Victoria, Australia.
- Some videos of Bombardier's aircrafts
See also
{{Infobox_Company | company_name = Bombardier Inc. |
company_logo = ] |
company_type = [Public company: ({{tsx|BBD.B--> {{tsx|BBD.A-->) |
foundation = Valcourt, Quebec ([) |
location = [Montreal, [Canada |
key_people = [Joseph-Armand Bombardier, founder |
industry = [Aerospace engineering / [Railways |
products = [Aircraft, [trains, [trams |
revenue = $14.7 billion
United States Dollar ([) |
num_employees = 59,550 (2006) |
homepage = http://www.bombardier.com/
-->
Bombardier Inc. () is a
Canadian companies list of conglomerates, founded by
Joseph-Armand Bombardier as
L'Auto-Neige Bombardier Limitée in 1942, at
Valcourt in the
Eastern Townships,
Quebec. Over the years it has been a large manufacturer of regional aircraft, business jets, mass transportation equipment, recreational equipment and a financial services provider. Bombardier is a
Fortune Global 500 list of conglomerates company Fortune Global 500 - Bombardier Inc. Company Snapshot 2007. Its headquarters are in
Montreal, Quebec,
Canada.
History
Joseph-Armand Bombardier was a mechanic who dreamt of building a vehicle that could "float on snow." In 1937, he designed and produced his first snowmobile in his small repair shop in Valcourt, Quebec.
Joseph-Armand Bombardier's technological breakthrough in the design of bush vehicles came in the mid-1930s when he developed a drive system that revolutionized travel in snow and swampy conditions. In 1937, Armand sold 12 snowmobiles—named the B7 and, in 1942, created l'Auto-Neige Bombardier Limitée company.
The first snowmobiles were large, multi-passenger vehicles designed to help people get around during the long winter months. Snowmobiles were used in rural Quebec to take children to school, carry freight, deliver mail, and as ambulances. His invention filled a very particular need in the region and soon business was booming. In 1941, Armand opened a large new factory in Valcourt. Then a major setback hit the growing business: the World War II was well underway and the Canadian government issued wartime rationing regulations. Bombardier customers had to prove that snowmobiles were essential to their livelihood in order to buy one. To keep his business going, Armand switched gears and developed vehicles for the military. After the war, Armand experienced another setback in his snowmobile business. In 1948, the Quebec government passed a law requiring all highways and local roads to be cleared of snow; Bombardier's sales fell by nearly half in one year. Armand therefore decided to diversify his business and make all-terrain vehicles for the mining, oil and forestry industries.
Of note, the machines had removable front skis that could be replaced with front wheels for use on paved or hard surfaces thus providing greater utility to his large snowmobiles. Production of these machines evolved over time. During 1951, the wooden bodies were replaced with sheet steel and these vehicles were powered by
Chrysler flat head six cylinder engines and 3 speed standard transmissions. In the 1960s, V-8 engines began to appear and during the 1969/70 production years, the standard round "porthole"-style windows were replaced with larger rectangular windows which allowed more interior light and made them less claustrophobic feeling. Following these changes came the switchover to more reliable Chrysler Industrial 318 engines with the automatic Loadflite transmissions. Production of these machines continued into the mid-1970s.
Armand dreamed of developing a fast, lightweight snowmobile that could carry one or two people. In the early 1950s, Armand set aside his dream to focus on developing his company's other tracked vehicles. But by the end of the decade, smaller, more efficient engines had been developed and were starting to come on the market. Armand resumed his efforts to build a "miniature" snowmobile. He worked alongside his eldest son Germain, who shared his father's mechanical talents. Armand and Germain developed several prototypes of the lightweight snowmobile and finally, the first Bombardier snowmobile went on sale in 1959.
The snowmobile was originally called the "Ski-Dog" because Bombardier meant it to be a practical vehicle to replace the dogsled for hunters and trappers. By an accident, a painter misinterpreted the name and painted "Ski-Doo" on the first prototype. The public soon discovered that speedy vehicles that can zoom over snow were a lot of fun. Suddenly a new winter sport was born, centred in Quebec. In the first year, Bombardier sold 225 Ski-Doos; four years later, 8,210 were sold. But Armand was reluctant to focus too much on the Ski-Doo and move resources away from his all-terrain vehicles. He vividly remembered his earlier business setbacks that forced him to diversify. Armand slowed down promotion of the Ski-Doo line to prevent it from dominating the other company products but still dominate the entire snowmobile industry. The snowmobiles produced were of exceptional quality and performance, earning a better reputation than the rival Polaris and Arctic Cat brand of motosleds. In 1975 Bombardier completed the purchase of the
Moto-Ski company.
On 18 February 1964, J. Armand Bombardier died of cancer at age 56. He left behind a thriving business, but also one that had been focused on one person. Armand dominated his company, overseeing all areas of operation. He controlled the small research department, making all the drawings himself. By the time of his death sales of the company had reached Canadian dollar20
million, which is the equivalent of C$160 million in 2004 dollars. The younger generation took over, led by Armand's sons and sons-in-law. The young team reorganized and decentralized the company, adopting modern business tactics. The company adopted the latest technological innovation—the computer—to handle inventory, accounts and billing. Distribution networks were improved and increased, and an incentive program was developed for sales staff.
In 1967, L'Auto-Neige Bombardier Limitée was renamed
Bombardier Limited and on January 23,
1969, the company went public, listing on the Montreal Exchange and Toronto Stock Exchange stock exchanges.
Aerospace
Bombardier acquired
Canadair after the Canadian government-owned aircraft manufacturing company had recorded the largest corporate loss in Canadian business history. Under the management of
Laurent Beaudoin, Armand's son-in-law, Bombardier took over Canadair to form
Bombardier Aerospace. Shortly after,
de Havilland Canada from Boeing, the bankrupt Short Brothers and Learjet operations were added. The aerospace arm now accounts for over half of the company's revenue and is reportedly the third-largest civil aircraft manufacturer in the world behind the giants
Boeing and
Airbus. Bombardier's most popular aircraft currently include its Dash 8 and CRJ lines of regional airliners. It also manufactures the CL-415 amphibious water-bomber and the
Bombardier Challenger 600 business jet. Learjet continues to operate as a subsidiary of Bombardier and manufactures jets under the Learjet marque.
Railway technology
In 1970, Bombardier acquired the Viennese company Lohner-Rotax, a manufacturer of snowmobile engines and tramways, and thus became involved in
Rail transport. This section started to gain importance in the mid-1990s in the renaissance of tramways or "
light rail." Bombardier acquired the assets and designs of American Locomotive Company/Montreal Locomotive Works, which continued in the locomotive business until 1985. In 2001, Bombardier acquired
ADtranz, the developer of the British Rail Class 170 Turbostar and Class British Rail Class 357/
British Rail Class 375/British Rail Class 376/British Rail Class 377 Electrostar trains which are widely used throughout Great Britain. They also built the Croydon
Tramlink and Nottingham Express Transit trams and parts of
Alstom's Eurostar trains. In the UK, ADtranz's major facility was located in Derby. Other major areas of activity of ADtranz were Germany, Sweden and Switzerland with major facilities in Hennigsdorf and Kassel (Germany), Västerås and Kalmar (Sweden), and Zürich and Turgi (Switzerland).
Bombardier was one of the companies which took over
British Rail's R&D facilities after Privatisation of British Rail (the remainder largely being absorbed into
AEA Technology and Alstom). They were part of a major consortium in the construction of the Eurotunnel railway cars, and also built new
Rapid transit trains for a wide range of customers including the
Toronto Transit Commission, the Société de transport de Montréal, and the
New York City Transit Authority (R62A, R142), noted for designing the Las Vegas Monorail system.
Bombardier is a
UK Notified Body, under The Railways (Interoperability) (Notified Bodies) Regulations 2000, in one TSI area: rolling stock.
locomotiveBombardier Transportation also leads the development and production of the Acela Express train in a 75%–25% arrangement with Alstom. The train runs between
Boston, Massachusetts,
New York, New York, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and
Washington, DC. Bombardier provided carbody design and tilting mechanisms from its LRC ("Light Rapid Comfortable") line of passenger trainsets, and integrated a variant of Alstom's TGV propulsion system. This is the first high-speed rail line in North America, running at a top speed of 240 km/h (150 mph). To meet
U.S. government "Buy American" regulations, final assembly of these trains was carried out at Bombardier's U.S. rail car assembly facility in
Barre (city), Vermont. Bombardier also provided seller-arranged financing to allow Amtrak to lease the trainsets rather than purchase them outright as the railroad had previously done.
Bombardier has also entered into the Australian rail industry with the implementation and maintenance of the main electric propultion systems for numerous passenger trains and locomotive fleets, and the manufacture of new rollingstock in partnership with EDI Rail. These include Queensland Rail's IMU160, SMU260, IMU200 and SMU220 trainsets, and
V/Line VLocity diesel multiple unit in Victoria (Australia).
Bombardier made the Hiawatha Line light rail cars currently being operated in
Minneapolis, Minnesota by
Metro Transit (Minnesota).
With the acquisiton of ADtranz in 2001, Bombardier Transportation emerged as the largest manufacturer of railway rolling stock in the world. Depending on how one defines industrial activities, it is sometimes considered the largest in the world in this category.
Other interests
Bombardier was, until recently, a major Canada
defense contractor. With the latest restructuring, the company sold off nearly all of its military related work in Canada. Military Aviation Services was sold to SPAR Aerospace and land based defence products made by
Urban Transportation Development Corporation ceased operations as Bombardier moved away from non-aviation defence products.
In 2003, Bombardier spun off as a separate company, the
Bombardier Recreational Products division, or BRP. Their
snowcats and snowmobiles dated back to the origins of the company; current brands are Ski-Doo and
Lynx (snowmobile). Bombardier Recreational Products has also become well known for their
Sea-Doo personal water craft division. Bombardier also makes ATVs (
all terrain vehicles). In 2006, the ATV brand name changed from Bombardier ATV to Can-Am. Can-Am is the old name of the line of dirt bikes it made in the 1980ss.
Criticism
Bombardier has been criticized in Canada and abroad over the subsidies it receives from various levels of government. They have been described as beneficiaries of
corporate welfare and accused of violating free trade agreements, especially by
Brazil. Canada and Bombardier have countered by citing Brazil's direct and indirect subsidies to Embraer, its own major aircraft manufacturer and one of Bombardier's principal competitors in the regional jet market.
The government of Canada provided a large interest rate subsidy for the financing that made possible Bombardier's sale of subway trains to the New York City Subway. Some Canadians objected to such large sums of money being given to a private for-profit company, but the government had argued that the subsidies create many jobs. Recently, Bombardier initiated an engineering design agreement with an
Indian company which subsidy critics argue may result in a loss of jobs in Canada.
Bombardier's reputation has been tarnished in the western United States by its association with the privately-funded
Las Vegas Monorail system, which has been operational since 24 December
2004 but was plagued by delays due to mechanical problems. The system reportedly lost
United States dollar85,000 per day during a four-month closure.
Bombardier's reputation has also been damaged in the eastern
United States because of defects in its high speed Acela Express, built for Amtrak. The high speed fleet has been taken out of service twice by the Federal Railroad Administration for safety-critical defects due to poor manufacturing and design. The design has undergone numerous modifications since coming into service.
Recently, some human rights and Tibet support groups in Canada, the U.K., and the U.S. have put pressure on Bombardier over its sale of passenger carriages to the
People's Republic of China for projects including the controversial Qingzang railway line into Tibet.
In Finland,
Helsinki City Transport has announced it is preparing to decommission all 40
Variotram low-floor tram cars on
14 May 2007, since satisfactory agreement with Bombardier over service costs, compensation or shipping back the cars has not been reached. Since entering service in Helsinki in 1999, the trams have been plagued by mounting technical problems.
Corporate governance
Current members of the
board of directors of Bombardier Inc. are:
Bombardier Museum
The Bombardier Museum is a large modern museum in Valcourt, Quebec dedicated to the life of Joseph-Armand Bombardier and the
snowmobile as well as the industry he helped create. Formally opened in 1971, with substantial renovations in 1990, the museum is professionally curated and features a wide array of Ski-Doos and other industrial designs as well as a selection of related books, booklets and other items of interest to enthusiasts.
Also of note at the museum is the original Bombardier garage "factory" that was the genesis of the organization bearing the name. The garage was carefully removed from its original location in Valcourt and moved to its present site at the museum, which is located blocks away from the huge, present-day Bombardier Recreational Products factory.
References
- Descarries, Eric. "Autoneiges Bombardier: Des patenteux perpétuent la tradition." La Presse, 13 March 2006.
- Hadekel, Peter. Silent Partners: Taxpayers and the Bankrolling of Bombardier. Toronto: Key Porter Books Limited, 2004. ISBN 1-55263-626-7.
- MacDonald, Larry.The Bombardier Story: Planes, Trains and Snowmobiles. Toronto: J. Wiley & Sons, 2001. ISBN 0-470-83196-0.
External links
- Bombardier Museum, Official J. Armand Bombardier Museum Website
- Northern Tracks, Bombardier Collector's Website
- Vintage Snowmobiles, Moto-Ski Snowmobile History
- CBC Digital Archives - Bombardier: The Snowmobile Legacy
- Bombardier Company website
- Yahoo! - Bombardier Inc. Company Profile
- V/LineCars.com VLocity 160 Page- Comprehensive information on Bombardier's VLocity 160 type diesel multiple unit train made for V/Line, the passenger rail service operator in the state of Victoria, Australia.
- Some videos of Bombardier's aircrafts
See also
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Bombardier - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bombardier Inc. (IPA: [bɔ̃baʁdje]) is a Canadian conglomerate, founded by Joseph-Armand Bombardier as L'Auto-Neige Bombardier Limitée in 1942, at Valcourt in the Eastern ...
Definition: bombardier from Online Medical Dictionary
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Bombardier Transportation UK Graduates
We Are Bombardier. A world-leading manufacturer of innovative transportation solutions, from regional aircraft and business jets to rail transportation equipment, Bombardier Inc ...
Bombardier Transportation - UK Graduates
There has never been a better time to join Bombardier Transportation. We are the global leader in the rail sector, with a healthy order book and a broad product portfolio.
Bombardier Pub, 75005 Paris - Charles Wells Brewery and Pub Company ...
Bombardier Pub, 75005 Paris: Charles Wells Brewery and Pub Company Bedford ... Bombardier Pub 2 Place De Pantheon 75005 Paris FRANCE (0033) (0) 143 547 922
Bombardier Recreational Products - BRP International
www.brp.com - Official BRP Website